This group of enthusiasts Rags named the Beer Buds and they included Dick, Brady, and Andy all of Abingdon. Learn How rich is He in this year and how He spends money? A beloved figure in Hollywood his funeral was well attended by his peers including Frank Sinatra who sang in tribute. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. Rags Ragland, Actor: Girl Crazy. Please try again later. Actor, Entertainer. Her father's apartment was on the ground floor and had two tiny bedrooms with bars across the windows. We recommend you to check the complete list of Famous actor (1905-1946) Shortly after he moved west to try his hand in the picture business. There was an error deleting this problem. Accord Services has a very different concept and approach to funeral arrangements, serving those in need with a philosophy quite unlike our colleagues and the generations before them. Learn more about merges. Whether it's Los Angeles, Orange County or Points further afield I spend my time discovering the wonders around me and then share them here with you. The comments below have not been moderated. You know, I cant remember ever discovering Rags, either. Girl Crazy is a particular favorite of mine. Over time, a group of fellow beer enthusiasts began to join Rags in sampling his home crafted beers and made regular field trips to the growing micro-breweries in the area. Rags Ragland (born John Lee Morgan Beauregard Ragland, August 23, 1905 August 20, 1946) was an American comedian and character actor. Rags Ragland was an American comedian and character actor. Part of the Daily Mail, The Mail on Sunday & Metro Media Group, Prince Harry could be barred from the US and has put visa 'at risk' after his admission he has taken cocaine and other drugs, Lauren Boebert is accused of telling Marjorie Taylor Greene to 'Get the f**k out of my face' after Georgia Rep. warned her to stop blocking Kevin McCarthy's election as House Speaker, Titans vs Jaguars - NFL LIVE: AFC South rivals face off for a playoff spot in HUGE match-up in Jacksonville, Joe Biden is 'ALL IN' and readying to launch 2024 re-election campaign after making decision to run again during family's St. Croix vacation: He would be 86 by end of the second term, Crisis, what crisis? Ragland was born on August 23, 1905, in Louisville, Kentucky, to parents Adam Joseph Ragland and Stella Petty. Rags Ragland memorial. Try again later. The family of Emil Ragland "Rags" Medicus is being cared for by Farris Funeral Service & Crematory, 427 East Main Street, Abingdon, VA 24210, (276) 623-2700. Please contact Find a Grave at [emailprotected] if you need help resetting your password. View popular celebrities life details, birth signs and real ages. In 1940, he graduated to the big. Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. When I heard about the What a Character! In 1940, he graduated to the big time in Ethel Merman's Broadway musical "Panama Hattie." Directly order flowers, view and sign the condolences book, share memories and more to celebrate lives of those dearly missed. Serving greater Southern California for Twenty Four years, Accord Cremation And Burial Services is a small yet progressive mortuary group. At his request, there will be no visitation or reception. However, the inside was fraught with problems and was where Thomas Jr allegedly smoked weed all day, while dad Thomas Sr worked night and day, The Duchess of Sussex, here on her birthday August 4, lived in multiple modest homes before finding fame with her role in Suits and marrying Prince Harry. Continuing with this request will add an alert to the cemetery page and any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request. I do know I first became a fan of his gentle comedic talent in the Whistling film series starring Red Skelton and Ann Rutherford. They divorced four years later and Meghan went to live with her mother in a top-floor apartment on S. Cloverdale Ave, Mid-Wilshire. Make sure that the file is a photo. It ended with Silvers saying in tears, "May I take a bow for Rags." He was 78.Graveside service will be at 10 a.m. today in Laurel Land Memorial Park in Fort Worth.Harveson & Cole Funeral Home is in charge of arrangements.Mr. Serving greater Southern California for Twenty Four years, Accord Cremation And Burial Services is a small yet progressive mortuary group. He began experiencing pain in his abdomen and was hospitalized. In Whistling in the Dark we only know the criminally minded Sylvester, in Whistling in Dixie both brothers are continually mixed up and in Whistling in Brooklyn we enjoy Sylvester alone as he acts on the right side of the law. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7143195/john-lee-ragland. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. Are you sure that you want to report this flower to administrators as offensive or abusive? Can't find a movie or TV show? I love him in WHISTLING IN THE DARK he nailed both of those roles, and that cant be easy playing two characters in the same film. Crematory Form This browser does not support getting your location. She was a native of. We will review the memorials and decide if they should be merged. We have estimated The school was a short walk from Sunset Gower Studios where her Emmy-winning father worked on the set of Married With Children and where she would spend her days after school. ', Her new digs: Meghan's childhood homes are a far cry from her new home in Kensington Palace (pictured), Meghan and Harry moved into Nottingham Cottage, opposite Princess Diana's former home. Pictured above is the large living space of the Hollywood home, The two-bedroom, two-bath home located in the heart of Hollywood is now listed for rent. 27183 East 5th Street While in Bristol, he was active in the Jaycees, American Legion, the VFW, and was the founder of the Bristol Rifle and Pistol Club. Learn more about merges. Her humble beginnings started on Providencia Street, in Woodland Hills, where she lived with her parents and half-siblings Thomas Jr and Samantha. Learn How much net worth Rags was in this year and how he spend his expenses? Blogathon focusing on character actors I knew just who I wanted to write about the gentle giant, Rags Ragland. Learn more about managing a memorial . Mr. Ragland was. The show brought down the house. Its easy to mix the two up:-) I love him in the films, too! There was an error deleting this problem. Rags Ragland's net worth In Abingdon, he was head usher at Abingdon UMC, a member of both the Abingdon Civitan and Meadowview Civic Clubs. Translation on Find a Grave is an ongoing project. His parents managed a full life and passed away at 97. Here we are updating just estimated networth of Rags Ragland salary, income and assets. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/81041122/burrell-a-ragland. Previously sponsored memorials or famous memorials will not have this option. The views expressed in the contents above are those of our users and do not necessarily reflect the views of MailOnline. We are no longer accepting comments on this article. Ragland was born in Dallas and had lived in Fort Worth since 1928. Ragland appeared in around two dozen MGM light comedies and musicals. Please select what you would like included for printing: Copy the text below and then paste that into your favorite email application. GREAT NEWS! Kamala opts out of kneeling with Biden for Warriors photo op, Do not sell or share my personal information. Good friend Frank Sinatra called in a specialist, but the doctors determined that Raglands liver and kidneys had been destroyed by years of alcohol abuse. Please ensure you have given Find a Grave permission to access your location in your browser settings. At the time of his death he survived by his large extended friends and family. is 6'(1.83m) . We have set your language to At their home in Abingdon, with the help of Bettys brother, Buddy Gregory, they constructed a small beer brewing kitchen in the basement. Becoming a Find a Grave member is fast, easy and FREE. The Duchess of Sussex split her time here and at her father's home until she graduated high school in 1999, Meghan and Doria lived behind this two-bedroom, one bathroom house (pictured) on South Cloverdale Avenue. Also learn about how he was rich at the age of 49 years old? He gained popularity as Red Skelton's cohort in the "Whistling" movies (Whistling in the Dark, Whistling in Dixie, and Whistling in Brooklyn). Among his fellow burlesque performers, Ragland was famous (or notorious) for his wild ad-libs, his unpredictable intrusions into other comics' acts, and his healthy off-stage libido. The Los Angeles August 23, 1905-born actor (1905-1946) expert was arguably the worlds most influential Rags Ragland was expert, with a wide-ranging social media outreach. If you have questions, please contact [emailprotected]. Are you adding a grave photo that will fulfill this request? This account already exists, but the email address still needs to be confirmed. Are you sure that you want to remove this flower? [1], Minsky striptease star Georgia Sothern remembered him fondly in her 1971 memoir, saying she considered Ragland a close friend and the funniest comedian the Minskys had ever produced. Rags Ragland was a boxer, then a burlesque comedian and then a Broadway performer before ending up in Hollywood to repeat his stage role as the boisterous sailor in Panama Hattie (1942), in which Ann Sothern played on film the part that had been played on Broadway by Ethel Merman. The apartment previously served as the garage and loft space of the main front property. A system error has occurred. The girls' bodies were discovered in Jacks' home in January 2008 by federal marshals . Enjoying Astra Lumina at South Coast Botanic Garden, A Visit to the Academy Museum of Motion Pictures, A Trip to Santa Cruz Island in Channel Islands National Park. Family members linked to this person will appear here. After her parents divorced in 1983, Meghan and her mother Doria moved into a top-floor apartment (pictured) in the Mid-Wilshire neighborhood of LA. Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate, or jump to a slide with the slide dots. There is a problem with your email/password. 'Hope is the greatest currency we have in this business,' he told the wide-eyed wannabe.' Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account. After graduation, Rags joined the burgeoning aerospace defense industry initially with Sperry, in Bristol. Are you sure that you want to delete this photo? He was 78. Interestingly, both brothers are featured in only one of the films. Anyone can read what you share. When was Rags Ragland born? Please complete the captcha to let us know you are a real person. Is it time Harry & Meghan accept Clarkson's apology and move on? OUR GENERAL PRICE LIST IS AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST. Are you sure that you want to remove this flower? This account has been disabled. An email has been sent to the person who requested the photo informing them that you have fulfilled their request, There is an open photo request for this memorial. We have made every effort to present our information and the services we offer clear, concise and simple to understand, as many of the families we serve have never been through this process before. He became a Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) contract player beginning with 1942's Panama Hattie, reprising a role he played on Broadway. He entered burlesque in his twenties, working his way up to top banana at Minsky's. Among his fellow burlesque performers, Ragland was famous (or notorious) for his wild ad-libs, his unpredictable intrusions into other comics' acts, and his healthy off-stage libido. Authorization Disposition (Cremation) Previously sponsored memorials or famous memorials will not have this option. It was once the garage and loft space for the main front property. The sponsor of a memorial may add an additional. Published: 15:27 EST, 6 August 2018 | Updated: 04:31 EST, 8 August 2018. Louisville, Jefferson County, Kentucky, USA, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, California, USA. We believe each family we serve should be presented with all the options available, followed by a brief education and understanding of what they may or may not require. Meghan's mother Doria, 62, previously owned a gift shop called Distant Treasures and a clothing store called A Change of a Dress - both at the same location on N. La Brea Ave in Hancock Park - just a few blocks away from Meghan's elementary school for 14 years - until she went bankrupt in 2009. Please reset your password. Silvers and Sinatra were by his bedside. There are no volunteers for this cemetery. Sorry! Emil Ragland (Rags) Medicus, 98, went to be with the Lord on November 15, 2022 after a very brief illness at his residence within Oakmont at Gordon Park, Bristol, VA. This relationship is not possible based on lifespan dates. A collection of answers to questions that people often have when arranging for a funeral. This account already exists, but the email address still needs to be confirmed. Privacy Policy and [4], In a gesture of friendship and respect, Sinatra left the set of his movie It Happened in Brooklyn, flew to New York, and unexpectedly showed up to take Ragland's spot with Silvers at the Copacabana debut (Silvers had decided to continue because he had signed a contract, stating "the show must go on"). The following year, at the age of 22, Ragland moved to Los Angeles. cemeteries found in Fort Worth, Tarrant County, Texas, USA will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Failed to report flower. Highland, CA 92346 Pictured left is a renovated kitchen, while the right shows an upgraded living space with hardwood floors, According to Morton's book, 'it made sense for her to live with her father during the week.'. As a youth, he worked as a truck driver, boxer, and movie projectionist in Kentucky. Rags was an early hobbyist in home beer brewing where he perfected his craft for over 35 years. There are no volunteers for this cemetery. This relationship is not possible based on lifespan dates. Its a true delight to watch Ragland shine in these madcap roles. Try again later. Please enter your email and password to sign in. Try again later. cemeteries found within kilometers of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. He is a member of famous Actor with the age 41 years old group. Ragland made his show business reputation in burlesque. At Oakmont, he was blessed with the lovely community, the caring support, and love of the wonderful staff. At 41 years old, Rags Ragland height After falling into a coma, he died three days before his 41st birthday of uremia. Shortly afterward, he became a contract player at MGM, where he gained popularity as Red Skelton's cohort in the Whistling movies, such as "Whistling in the Dark," "Whistling in Dixie," and "Whistling in Brooklyn." Who Is Rags Ragland's Wife? FD 1591, San Bernardino & Riverside Counties Oops, we were unable to send the email. Declaration for Disposition of Cremeate Remains 'It was a decision that would have far-reaching implications for the way she was seen by her new teachers and classmatesThe older she became, the more she felt she was the one who was mothering her father. Thomas Jr smoked weed all day and even her mother would share a joint with a neighbor, while TV lighting director Thomas worked night and day, and wild teen Samantha would be out clubbing. James Ragland January 4, 1954 - May 11, 2013 James "Rags" Ragland, 59, Michigan City, Indiana, passed away Saturday, May 11, 2013 at 10:22 pm in Franciscan St. Anthony Health - Michigan City, Michigan City. Please enter your email and password to sign in. Learn how your comment data is processed. Proudly serving San Bernardino, Riverside, Los Angeles and Orange Counties for over 20 years, Orange & Los Angeles Counties Rags lived independently for most of his 98 years. She was an assistant at the Paper Store in Beverly Hills, where she also taught calligraphy, and served frozen yogurt at Humphrey Yogart, in Sherman Oaks. To view a photo in more detail or edit captions for photos you added, click the photo to open the photo viewer. The run-down shopping precinct is now home to a liquor store, kosher market, and an aquarium (pictured) which is where Doria's shop was situated, Meghan began splitting her time between her mom's house and her dad's Hollywood apartment (pictured) when she was 11 until she left for college in 1999. Please contact Find a Grave at [emailprotected] if you need help resetting your password. Rags Ragland, better known by her family name Rags Ragland, was a popular American actor (1905-1946). 5050 Federal Blvd. Funeral Home website by, 2014 President of CALIfornia Funeral Directors association. Please try again later. Add to your scrapbook. Their license was verified as active when we last checked. In Asheville, he was an usher team-captain at Central UMC, and co-founder of the Western North Carolina Daylily Club. Use the links under See more to quickly search for other people with the same last name in the same cemetery, city, county, etc. Ragland was a Presbyterian.Survivors: Wife of 56 years, Georgia Belle Higgs Ragland of Fort Worth; daughter, Mary Jane Dennison of Liberty; three grandchildren; and two great-grandchildren.Fort Worth Star-Telegram (TX)Date: December 3, 1992, Thank you for fulfilling this photo request. This flower has been reported and will not be visible while under review. Doria and Thomas had married at the Self-Realization Fellowship Temple on Sunset Blvd, in a 'hippie wedding' in December 1979. Also learn how He earned most of Rags Ragland networth? He was briefly married to Sabina Elizabeth Vanover and they had one child, a son named John Griffin Ragland (1925-1990), before they divorced in 1926. Failed to remove flower. Although Meghan lived in modest homes, she attended a prestigious private nursery and kindergarten called Little Red Schoolhouse which starts at $18,800 a year for kindergarten and $22,600 year for sixth-grade. Include gps location with grave photos where possible. Failed to report flower. Save to an Ancestry Tree, a virtual cemetery, your clipboard for pasting or Print. Login to create it. Try again later. All photos appear on this tab and here you can update the sort order of photos on memorials you manage. The pair lived behind Whisky A Go-Go, a notorious club on Sunset Strip in West Hollywood, where Engelson still lives today and Meghan resided there until getting her big break in Suits and relocating to Toronto for filming in 2011, divorcing the 41-year-old two years later. Many Hollywood celebrities attended Ragland's funeral Sinatra sang at the service and Silvers delivered the eulogy. His liver and kidneys destroyed from years of alcohol abuse he died of uremic poisoning on August 20, 1946. Jeanie was born March 13, 1939, to Jules L. and Ethel F. Richard in New Orleans. Engelson reportedly still lives there today. He was born in Asheville, NC to the world-renowned flutist Emil H. Medicus and Mary Ragland Medicus, an only child, and was pre-deceased by his beloved wife, Betty Gregory Medicus. He was a 1934 graduate of Central High School and a graduate of Metropolitan Business College.Mr. Ragland, typecast as a good-natured oaf with a knack for fracturing the English language, had as his sole movie employer Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, in some two dozen of whose lighter vehicles he appeared, in the company of such MGM luminaries as Red Skelton, Lucille Ball, Judy Garland and Gene Kelly. Meghan lived in different humble abodes growing up, but received a private education from kindergarten until high school. Actor (1905-1946) Although his film career was very short his talent endures. Visitation hours will be from 4pm - 8pm Thursday, May 16, 2013 at Ott/Haverstock Funeral Chapel, 418 Washington St., Michigan City. If you notice a problem with the translation, please send a message to [emailprotected] and include a link to the page and details about the problem. Ah, I meant WHISTLING IN DIXIE for the dual roles! English Their BuildZoom score of 93 ranks in the top 27% of 336,931 California licensed contractors. FD 1685, Statistical Form Page 1 Louisiana girl, 7, is mauled to death by neighbor's pit bull while playing outside: Dog's owner, 20, is charged with homicide for letting bloodthirsty pet roam freely, as victim's mom says: 'My heart is shattered', Kevin McCarthy's HUGE concession to win Speakership: Rebel Republicans given sweeping powers to review 'ongoing criminal investigations' and access to classified data on new subcommittee, DAVID MARCUS: A soap opera of sophistry, boiling raw emotion, a near punch-up - Congress's night of mayhem was a 19th century political brawl but at least our politicians behaving badly proved they really DO care, Bomb cyclone is set to inundate California with even more torrential rain thanks to 'atmospheric rivers' in the SKY, as LA braces for eight inches and San Francisco endures wettest 10 days since 1871. We promise to respectfully take every measure to protect and maintain the Dignity of the loved one lost. Eventually he made his way to the top of the burlesque circuit becoming the featured comic in the famed Minskys revue. JAMES RAGLAND OBITUARY DANVILLE RAGLAND, JAMES HAROLD "RAGS," 67, formerly of Magnolia, KY, died November 17, 2007, at the Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland, OH Mr. Ragland was born December 4,. Date of Birth 23 August 1905, Louisville, Kentucky After burlesque in its classic style died, Ragland made his way to Broadway theatre and films. Born on August 23, 1905 in United States of America, Rags Ragland started his career as actor (1905-1946) . Add to your scrapbook. Discover Rags Raglands Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. In 1940 he made his legitimate theatrical debut in the Broadway show Panama Hattie starring Ethel Merman. Those wishing to express sympathy online may do so by visiting www.farrisfuneralservice.com and signing the online guest register. She was a Cub Scout Den Mother and enjoyed camping and being a Professional Cruiser. Banita Jacks is a Washington, DC, resident convicted of murdering her four daughters, who ranged in age from 5 to 17 years old. Which memorial do you think is a duplicate of John Ragland (7143195)? Failed to delete memorial. He was born in Asheville, NC to the world-renowned flutist Emil H. Medicus and Mary Ragland Medicus, an only child, and was pre-deceased by his beloved wife, Betty Gregory Medicus. Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and much more. cemeteries found within kilometers of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Continuing with this request will add an alert to the cemetery page and any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request. Oops, some error occurred while uploading your photo(s). Thank you for remembering a relative named Rags Ragland youre a wonderful individual and Turner Classic Movie right God bless them to remember him I am a little too and God bless you thank you you for remembering. You are only allowed to leave one flower per day for any given memorial. 'It was such a nice surprise to bump into them when I went to Dublin to view the Book of Kells. Service map data OpenStreetMap contributors. Edit a memorial you manage or suggest changes to the memorial manager. [2] His longtime performing partner Phil Silvers referred to Ragland in his autobiography as "my favorite comic".[3]. As a youth, he worked as a truck driver, boxer, and movie projectionist in Kentucky. Playing the dual role of Chester and Sylvester Lester Conway Rags really shines. Year should not be greater than current year. For memorials with more than one photo, additional photos will appear here or on the photos tab. So, how much was Rags Ragland networth at the age of years old? Actor, Entertainer. Your new password must contain one or more uppercase and lowercase letters, and one or more numbers or special characters. He joined the Navy and served in Task Force 38 under Admiral Halsey, on the cruiser USSTucson(CL-98), as a Radar Technician. Sharon Fox, now an executive producer at California Motion Picture Company, was also a member and told her Facebook followers about bumping into the duchess and her husband Prince Harry in Dublin earlier this month. Which memorial do you think is a duplicate of Burrell Ragland (81041122)? 2.5 years ago, he moved into Oakmont at Gordon Park assisted living in Bristol. This is a carousel with slides. Rags Ragland was a boxer, then a burlesque comedian and then a Broadway performer before ending up in Hollywood to repeat his stage role as the boisterous sailor in Panama Hattie (1942), in which Ann Sothern played on film the part that had been played on Broadway by Ethel Merman. Rags Ragland continued his career in supporting roles in such classics as The Canterville Ghost, Du Barry Was a Lady and Girl Crazy. Rags Ragland American Actor 2 1 edit Age 41 at death Zodiac Leo Relationships 1 total Rags Ragland dating history Relationships Rags Ragland had an encounter with Gypsy Rose Lee. 535-C West Lambert Road. Try again later. We recommend you to check the complete list of Famous People born on 23 August. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. James Marshall Ragland James Marshall Ragland, better known as Jim and Papa Rags, died peacefully at home on Sunday, March 14, 2021 of inoperable liver cancer. Your account has been locked for 30 minutes due to too many failed sign in attempts. National Funeral Directors & Morticians Association, Academy of Professional Funeral Service Practice, International Cemetery, Cremation and Funeral Association. July 14, 2021 As manager of this memorial you can add or update the memorial using the Edit button below. Remove advertising from a memorial by sponsoring it for just $5. Sorry! Please enter your email address and we will send you an email with a reset password code. It helps to already be famous to become a social media influencer, but he demonstrates that you need to have a raw or personal touch and engage with your followers if you want to do well on Instagram Facebook, Twiter, Youtube, etc. You can customize the cemeteries you volunteer for by selecting or deselecting below. Rags Ragland, better known by her family name Rags Ragland, was a popular American actor (1905-1946). Please ensure you have given Find a Grave permission to access your location in your browser settings. You need a Find a Grave account to continue. There was a problem getting your location. Failed to remove flower. He is from USA. Rags Ragland I found on Findagrave.com. After spending over 20 years in semi-retirement, on the remains of his familys dairy farm; he and Betty moved to Abingdon to be closer to her family. Darryl Hinton Sign up here and they'll be delivered to your inbox as soon as they go live! COPYRIGHT 2022 LA EXPLORER. Sinatra and Silvers did the routines they had performed during their USO tours. A beloved figure in Hollywood his funeral was well . She attended Immaculate Heart High School (pictured) on Franklin Ave in Los Angeles from the age of 11 up to 18. Share this memorial using social media sites or email. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Your Scrapbook is currently empty. He was briefly married to Sabina Elizabeth Vanover and they had one child, a son named John Griffin Ragland (1925-1990), before they divorced in 1926. Ragss income mostly comes from and basic source was being a successful American actor (1905-1946). There will be a graveside service and military rites at Forest Hills Memory Gardens that will be announced at a later date. To add a flower, click the Leave a Flower button. Ragland Electric, 1406 Alta Mesa Way, Brea, CA (Employee: Joshua Gibson Ragland) holds a Electrical license and 1 other license according to the California license board. His final film appearance was in the drama The Hoodlum Saint (1946). Ragland was born on August 23, 1905, in Louisville, Kentucky, to parents Adam Joseph Ragland and Stella Petty. You have chosen this person to be their own family member. Her mother Doria, 62, had a less glamorous location for her line of business, which was still only a stone's throw away from the school - now called the Hollywood Schoolhouse. based on information from your browser. All photos uploaded successfully, click on the Done button to see the photos in the gallery. . Your new password must contain one or more uppercase and lowercase letters, and one or more numbers or special characters. Or it could have been Anchors Aweigh Gene Kelly and Frank Sinatras first pairing. Meghan also had various part-time jobs and volunteer work including bussing tables and serving food at the Hippie Kitchen in Downtown Los Angeles, a Catholic set up to help the homeless living in the notorious Skid Row.
Pink Lily Return Address,
Il State Comptroller Vendor Payments,
Erica Williams Connell Husband,
Ava Gardner Family Tree,
Articles R
Najnowsze komentarze