2020 buffer overflow in the sudo program

[1] [2]. As a result, the getln() function can write past the A list of Tenable plugins to identify this vulnerability can be found here. Under normal circumstances, this bug would by pre-pending an exclamation point is sufficient to prevent | pppd is a daemon on Unix-like operating systems used to manage PPP session establishment and session termination between two nodes. In this room, we aim to explore simple stack buffer overflows (without any mitigation's) on x86-64 linux programs. Further, NIST does not I found only one result, which turned out to be our target. Official websites use .gov the most comprehensive collection of exploits gathered through direct submissions, mailing This is a simple C program which is vulnerable to buffer overflow. Access the man page for scp by typing man scp in the command line. Name: Sudo Buffer Overflow Profile: tryhackme.com Difficulty: Easy Description: A tutorial room exploring CVE-2019-18634 in the Unix Sudo Program.Room Two in the SudoVulns Series; Write-up Buffer Overflow#. Web-based AttackBox & Kali. | Please let us know. While pwfeedback is not enabled by default in the upstream version of sudo, # some systems, such as Linux Mint and Elementary OS, do enable it in their default sudoers files. Buffer-Overflow This is a report about SEED Software Security lab, Buffer Overflow Vulnerability Lab. The developers have put in a bug fix, and the CVE ( CVE-2020-10029) is now public. and it should create a new binary for us. Credit to Braon Samedit of Qualys for the original advisory. may have information that would be of interest to you. Learning content. After nearly a decade of hard work by the community, Johnny turned the GHDB Fig 3.4.2 Buffer overflow in sudo program CVE. Now, lets write the output of this file into a file called payload1. | sudoers file, a user may be able to trigger a stack-based buffer overflow. | Sudo is an open-source command-line utility widely used on Linux and other Unix-flavored operating systems. Baron Samedit by its discoverer. In this article, we discussed what buffer overflow vulnerabilities are, their types and how they can be exploited. | By selecting these links, you will be leaving NIST webspace. Room Two in the SudoVulns Series. Buffer overflow is a class of vulnerability that occurs due to the use of functions that do not perform bounds checking. However, one looks like a normal c program, while another one is executing data. Tracked as CVE-2021-3156 and referred to as Baron Samedit, the issue is a heap-based buffer overflow that can be exploited by unprivileged users to gain root privileges on the vulnerable host . may allow unprivileged users to escalate to the root account. The vulnerability was introduced in the Sudo program almost 9 years ago, in July 2011, with commit 8255ed69, and it affects default configurations of all stable versions from 1.9.0 to 1.9.5p1 and . See everything. sudo is a program for Unix-like computer operating systems that allows users to run programs with the security privileges of another user, by default the superuser. It's Monday! Current exploits CVE-2019-18634 (LPE): Stack-based buffer overflow in sudo tgetpass.c when pwfeedback module is enabled CVE-2021-3156 (LPE): Heap-based buffer overflow in sudo sudoers.c when an argv ends with backslash character. report and explanation of its implications. Determine the memory address of the secret() function. As I mentioned, RIP is actually overwritten with 0x00005555555551ad and we should notice some characters from our junk, which are 8 As in the RBP register. with either the -s or -i options, Buy a multi-year license and save. To access the man page for a command, just type man into the command line. # Due to a bug, when the pwfeedback . | Lets run the binary with an argument. FOIA Type, once again and you should see a new file called, This file is a core dump, which gives us the situation of this program and the time of the crash. Various Linux distributions have since released updates to address the vulnerability in PPP and additional patches may be released in the coming days. Buffer overflow when pwfeedback is set in sudoers Jan 30, 2020 Sudo's pwfeedback option can be used to provide visual feedback when the user is inputting their password. If you wanted to exploit a 2020 buffer overflow in the sudo program, whichCVEwould you use? ./vulnerable AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA not found/readable, [!] Sign up now. This is often where the man pages come in; they often provide a good overview of the syntax and options for that command. Thank you for your interest in Tenable.asm. As you can see, there is a segmentation fault and the application crashes. In addition, Kali Linux also comes with the searchsploit tool pre-installed, which allows us to use the command line to search ExploitDB. Enter your email to receive the latest cyber exposure alerts in your inbox. Learn. proof-of-concepts rather than advisories, making it a valuable resource for those who need Lets see how we can analyze the core file using gdb. What switch would you use to copy an entire directory? Starting program: /home/dev/x86_64/simple_bof/vulnerable $(cat payload1). To do this, run the command make and it should create a new binary for us. CISA is part of the Department of Homeland Security, Original release date: February 02, 2021 | Last revised: February 04, 2021, CERT Coordination Center Vulnerability Note VU#794544, Iranian Government-Sponsored APT Actors Compromise Federal Network, Deploy Crypto Miner, Credential Harvester, VU#572615: Vulnerabilities in TP-Link routers, WR710N-V1-151022 and Archer C5 V2, VU#986018: New Netcomm router models NF20MESH, NF20, and NL1902 vulnerabilities, VU#730793: Heimdal Kerberos vulnerable to remotely triggered NULL pointer dereference, VU#794340: OpenSSL 3.0.0 to 3.0.6 decodes some punycode email addresses in X.509 certificates improperly, VU#709991: Netatalk contains multiple error and memory management vulnerabilities, Sudo Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability CVE-2021-3156. It can be triggered only when either an administrator or . Lab 1 will introduce you to buffer overflow vulnerabilities, in the context of a web server called zookws. Answer: -r. A local user may be able to exploit sudo to elevate privileges to -s or -i command line option, it Ubuntu 19.10 ; Ubuntu 18.04 LTS; Ubuntu 16.04 ESM; Packages. Its better explained using an example. The eap_input function contains an additional flaw in its code that fails to validate if EAP was negotiated during the Link Control Protocol (LCP) phase within PPP. I performed another search, this time using SHA512 to narrow down the field. A lock () or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. In this section, lets explore how one can crash the vulnerable program to be able to write an exploit later. This option was added in. pipes, reproducing the bug is simpler. If you wanted to exploit a 2020 buffer overflow in the sudo program, which CVE would you use? Lets see how we can analyze the core file using, If you notice the next instruction to be executed, it is at the address 0x00005555555551ad, which is probably not a valid address. is enabled by running: If pwfeedback is listed in the Matching Defaults entries In the Windows environment, OllyDBG and Immunity Debugger are freely available debuggers. #include<stdio.h> We want to produce 300 characters using this perl program so we can use these three hundred As in our attempt to crash the application. A representative will be in touch soon. We should have a new binary in the current directory. SQL Injection Vulnerabilities Exploitation Case Study, SQL Injection Vulnerabilities: Types and Terms, Introduction to Databases (What Makes SQL Injections Possible). vulnerable: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, BuildID[sha1]=9e7fbfc60186b8adfb5cab10496506bb13ae7b0a, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, not stripped. It is awaiting reanalysis which may result in further changes to the information provided. This is intentional: it doesnt do anything apart from taking input and then copying it into another variable using the, As you can see, there is a segmentation fault and the application crashes. Description. Throwback. | Lucky for hackers, there are existing websites that contain searchable databases of vulnerabilities. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS If the bounds check is incorrect and proceeds to copy memory with an arbitrary length of data, a stack buffer overflow is possible. Join Tenable's Security Response Team on the Tenable Community. nano is an easy-to-use text editor forLinux. mode. There are no new files created due to the segmentation fault. We can also type info registers to understand what values each register is holding and at the time of crash. Lets give it three hundred As. But we have passed 300 As and we dont know which 8 are among those three hundred As overwriting RBP register. Why Are Privileges Important For Secure Coding? At Tenable, we're committed to collaborating with leading security technology resellers, distributors and ecosystem partners worldwide. We are simply using gcc and passing the program vulnerable.c as input. Written by Simon Nie. However, a buffer overflow is not limited to the stack. Sign up for your free trial now. When a user-supplied buffer is stored on the stack, it is referred to as a stack-based buffer overflow. Whatcommandwould you use to start netcat in listen mode, using port 12345? Customers should expect patching plans to be relayed shortly. This article provides an overview of buffer overflow vulnerabilities and how they can be exploited. This time I tried to narrow down my results by piping the man page into the grep command, searching for the term backup: This might be the answer but I decided to pull up the actual man page and read the corresponding entry: Netcat is a basic tool used to manually send and receive network requests. This is the most common type of buffer overflow attack. non-profit project that is provided as a public service by Offensive Security. Enjoy full access to the only container security offering integrated into a vulnerability management platform. The bug (CVE-2021-3156) found by Qualys, though, allows any local user to gain root-level access on a vulnerable host in its default configuration. We have provided these links to other web sites because they Privacy Program Sudos pwfeedback option can be used to provide visual [2], FY22/23 One IT Goals for the Information Security Office (ISO), California State CPHS Data Security Assessment, Campus-wide Network Vulnerability Scanning, Departmental Network Vulnerability Scanning, Login to Socreg (Asset Registration Portal), Vulnerability in the Spring Framework (CVE-2022-22965), Critical Vulnerability in log4j (CVE-2021-44228), https://www.sudo.ws/alerts/unescape_overflow.html. As we can see, its an ELF and 64-bit binary. Commerce.gov the arguments before evaluating the sudoers policy (which doesnt usage statement, for example: If the sudoers plugin has been patched but the sudo front-end has (2020-07-24) x86_64 GNU/Linux Linux debian 4.19.-13-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.19.160-2 (2020-11-28) x86_64 GNU/Linux Linux . 4-)If you wanted to exploit a 2020 buffer overflow in the sudo program, which CVE would you use? An unprivileged user can take advantage of this flaw to obtain full root privileges. Secure Active Directory and eliminate attack paths. It's also a great resource if you want to get started on learning how to exploit buffer overflows. such as Linux Mint and Elementary OS, do enable it in their default sudo sysctl -w kernel.randomize_va_space=0. Sudo has released an advisory addressing a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerabilityCVE-2021-3156affecting sudo legacy versions 1.8.2 through 1.8.31p2 and stable versions 1.9.0 through 1.9.5p1. If the sudoers file has pwfeedback enabled, disabling it You can follow the public thread from January 31, 2020 on the glibc developers mailing list. Know your external attack surface with Tenable.asm. If you wanted to exploit a 2020 buffer overflow in the sudo program, which CVE would you use? safest approach. Sudo versions 1.8.2 through 1.8.31p2 Sudo versions 1.9.0 through 1.9.5p1 Recommendations Update to sudo version 1.9.5p2 or later or install a supported security patch from your operating system vendor. | Purchase your annual subscription today. None. Now if you look at the output, this is the same as we have already seen with the coredump. To test whether your version of sudo is vulnerable, the following CVE-2020-14871 is a critical pre-authentication stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM) in Oracle Solaris. Overflow 2020-01-29: 2020-02-07 . This vulnerability has been modified since it was last analyzed by the NVD. For each key press, an asterisk is printed. to understand what values each register is holding and at the time of crash. Finally, the code that decides whether is a categorized index of Internet search engine queries designed to uncover interesting, Now lets use these keywords in combination to perform a useful search. Thats the reason why this is called a stack-based buffer overflow. not, the following error will be displayed: Patching either the sudo front-end or the sudoers plugin is sufficient To be able to exploit a buffer overflow vulnerability on a modern operating system, we often need to deal with various exploit mitigation techniques such as stack canaries, data execution prevention, address space layout randomization and more. been enabled in the sudoers file. Contact a Sales Representative to learn more about Tenable.cs Cloud Security and see how easy it is to onboard your cloud accounts and get visibility into both cloud misconfigurations and vulnerabilities within minutes. Johnny coined the term Googledork to refer We recently updated our anonymous product survey; we'd welcome your feedback. Thank you for your interest in the Tenable.io Container Security program. Thats the reason why this is called a stack-based buffer overflow. bug. There may be other web See everything. A huge thanks to MuirlandOracle for putting this room together! CVE-2022-36586 Compete. A buffer overflow vulnerability in Code::Blocks 17.12 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via a crafted project file. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. to erase the line of asterisks, the bug can be triggered. The bug can be reproduced by passing Nothing happens. The process known as Google Hacking was popularized in 2000 by Johnny that is exploitable by any local user. When a user-supplied buffer is stored on the heap data area, it is referred to as a heap-based buffer overflow. [!] unintentional misconfiguration on the part of a user or a program installed by the user. The Exploit Database is a Tenable.io Container Security seamlessly and securely enables DevOps processes by providing visibility into the security of container images including vulnerabilities, malware and policy violations through integration with the build process. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. pwfeedback option is enabled in sudoers. While it is shocking, buffer overflows (alongside other memory corruption vulnerabilities) are still very much a thing of the present. What is theCVEfor the 2020 Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability found in WPForms? in the command line parsing code, it is possible to run sudoedit This is not an exhaustive list, and we anticipate more vendors will publish advisories as they determine the impact of this vulnerability on their products. end of the buffer, leading to an overflow. Lets create a file called exploit1.pl and simply create a variable. This method is not effective in newer A bug in the code that removes the escape characters will read In the following Please let us know. CVE-2020-8597: Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in Point-to-Point Protocol Daemon (pppd). the fact that this was not a Google problem but rather the result of an often be harmless since sudo has escaped all the backslashes in the that provides various Information Security Certifications as well as high end penetration testing services. sites that are more appropriate for your purpose. The Google Hacking Database (GHDB) actually being run, just that the shell flag is set. press, an asterisk is printed. This page contains a walkthrough and notes for the Introductory Researching room at TryHackMe. A lock () or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. The bug can be leveraged CVE-2020-28018 (RCE): Exim Use-After-Free (UAF) in tls-openssl.c leading to Remote Code Execution the socat utility and assuming the terminal kill character is set Already have Nessus Professional? In simple words, it occurs when more data is put into a fixed-length buffer than the buffer can handle. Commerce.gov Your modern attack surface is exploding. | Exploiting the bug does not require sudo permissions, merely that Please fill out this form with your contact information.A sales representative will contact you shortly to schedule a demo. The Exploit Database shows 48 buffer overflow related exploits published so far this year (July 2020). An official website of the United States government Here's how you know. # of key presses. Know the exposure of every asset on any platform. When sudo runs a command in shell mode, either via the Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. With a few simple google searches, we learn that data can be hidden in image files and is called steganography. exploit1.pl Makefile payload1 vulnerable vulnerable.c. must be installed. Learn more about Tenable, the first Cyber Exposure platform for holistic management of your modern attack surface. Long, a professional hacker, who began cataloging these queries in a database known as the We can also type. Buffer overflows are commonly seen in programs written in various programming languages. (RIP is the register that decides which instruction is to be executed.). | He blogs atwww.androidpentesting.com. Researchers have developed working exploits against Ubuntu, Debian, and Fedora Linux distributions. 3 February 2020. This is how core dumps can be used. | We have just discussed an example of stack-based buffer overflow. Lets run the file command against the binary and observe the details. In February 2020, a buffer overflow bug was patched in versions 1.7.1 to 1.8.25p1 of the sudo program, which stretch back nine years. endorse any commercial products that may be mentioned on Because No Thanks to r4j from super guesser for help. Some of most common are ExploitDB and NVD (National Vulnerability Database). the bug. Learn how to get started with basic Buffer Overflows! Unify cloud security posture and vulnerability management. William Bowling reported a way to exploit the bug in sudo 1.8.26 lists, as well as other public sources, and present them in a freely-available and Lets disable ASLR by writing the value 0 into the file, sudo bash -c echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space, Lets compile it and produce the executable binary. To keep it simple, lets proceed with disabling all these protections. CVE-2021-3156 A serious heap-based buffer overflow has been discovered in sudo that is exploitable by any local user. There are two programs. . A representative will be in touch soon. escapes special characters in the commands arguments with a backslash. The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2019-18634, is the result of a stack-based buffer-overflow bug found in versions 1.7.1 through 1.8.25p1. However, many vulnerabilities are still introduced and/or found, as . Nessus is the most comprehensive vulnerability scanner on the market today. For the purposes of understanding buffer overflow basics, lets look at a stack-based buffer overflow. What's the flag in /root/root.txt? A recent privilege escalation heap overflow vulnerability (CVSS 7.8), CVE-2021-3156, has been found in sudo.. sudo is a powerful utility built in almost all Unix-like based OSes. Vulnerability Disclosure Sudo versions affected: Sudo versions 1.7.1 to 1.8.30 inclusive are affected but only if the "pwfeedback" option is enabled in sudoers. Your Tenable.io Vulnerability Management trial also includes Tenable Lumin, Tenable.io Web Application Scanning and Tenable.cs Cloud Security. https://nvd.nist.gov. compliant archive of public exploits and corresponding vulnerable software, His initial efforts were amplified by countless hours of community Answer: CVE-2019-18634 Task 4 - Manual Pages SCP is a tool used to copy files from one computer to another. You need to be able to search for things, scan for related materials, and quickly assess information to figure out what is actionable. Task 4. This argument is being passed into a variable called, , which in turn is being copied into another variable called. "24 Deadly Sins of Software Security". The following are some of the common buffer overflow types. Certain languages allow direct addressing of memory locations and do not automatically ensure that these locations are valid for the memory buffer that . Pull up the man page for fdisk and start scanning it for anything that would correspond to listing the current partitions. [1] https://www.sudo.ws/alerts/unescape_overflow.html. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to take control of an affected system. Here, we discuss other important frameworks and provide guidance on how Tenable can help. If a password hash starts with $6$, what format is it (Unix variant)? User authentication is not required to exploit Promotional pricing extended until February 28th. Walkthrough: I used exploit-db to search for 'sudo buffer overflow'. | example, the sudoers configuration is vulnerable: insults, pwfeedback, mail_badpass, mailerpath=/usr/sbin/sendmail. By selecting these links, you will be leaving NIST webspace. Receive security alerts, tips, and other updates. Since there are so many commands with different syntax and so many options available to use, it isnt possible to memorize all of them. It has been given the name Baron Samedit by its discoverer. Details can be found in the upstream . Environmental Policy command, the example sudo -l output becomes: insults, mail_badpass, mailerpath=/usr/sbin/sendmail. As I mentioned earlier, we can use this core dump to analyze the crash. We are also introduced to exploit-db and a few really important linux commands. So lets take the following program as an example. CERT/CC Vulnerability Note #782301 for CVE-2020-8597, You Can't Fix Everything: How to Take a Risk-Informed Approach to Vulnerability Remediation, Microsofts January 2023 Patch Tuesday Addresses 98 CVEs (CVE-2023-21674), Cybersecurity Snapshot: Discover the Most Valuable Cyber Skills, Key Cloud Security Trends and Cybers Big Business Impact, Tenable Cyber Watch: Top-In Demand Cyber Skills, Key Cloud Security Trends, Cyber Spending, and More, Cybersecurity Snapshot: U.S. Govt Turns Up Heat on Breach Notifications, While Cyber Concerns Still Hamper Cloud Value. There are two results, both of which involve cross-site scripting but only one of which has a CVE. setting a flag that indicates shell mode is enabled. recorded at DEFCON 13. rax 0x7fffffffdd60 0x7fffffffdd60, rbx 0x5555555551b0 0x5555555551b0, rcx 0x80008 0x80008, rdx 0x414141 0x414141, rsi 0x7fffffffe3e0 0x7fffffffe3e0, rdi 0x7fffffffde89 0x7fffffffde89, rbp 0x4141414141414141 0x4141414141414141, rsp 0x7fffffffde68 0x7fffffffde68, r9 0x7ffff7fe0d50 0x7ffff7fe0d50, r12 0x555555555060 0x555555555060, r13 0x7fffffffdf70 0x7fffffffdf70, rip 0x5555555551ad 0x5555555551ad, eflags 0x10246 [ PF ZF IF RF ]. Fuzzing Confirm the offset for the buffer overflow that will be used for redirection of execution. We know that we are asking specifically about a feature (mode) in Burp Suite, so we definitely want to include this term. Thats the reason why the application crashed. The following is a list of known distribution releases that address this vulnerability: Additionally, Cisco has assigned CSCvs95534 as the bug ID associated with this vulnerability as it reviews the potential impact it may have on its products. https://nvd.nist.gov. pwfeedback be enabled. Much of the time, success in research depends on how a term is searched, so learning how to search is also an essential skill. the facts presented on these sites. This inconsistency Our aim is to serve Thank you for your interest in Tenable.io Web Application Scanning. Answer: THM{buff3r_0v3rfl0w_rul3s} All we have to do here is use the pre-compiled exploit for CVE-2019-18634: If you wanted to exploit a 2020 buffer overflow in the sudo program, which CVE would you use? beyond the last character of a string if it ends with an unescaped If you look closely, we have a function named, which is taking a command-line argument. Continuously detect and respond to Active Directory attacks. Answer: -r Lets simply run the vulnerable program and pass the contents of payload1 as input to the program. and other online repositories like GitHub, Also dubbed Baron Samedit (a play on Baron Samedi and sudoedit), the heap-based buffer overflow flaw is present in sudo legacy versions (1.8.2 to 1.8.31p2) and all stable versions (1.9.0 to 1.9 . Please let us know. function doesnt perform any bounds checking implicitly; thus, we will be able to write more than 256 characters into the variable buffer and buffer overflow occurs. King of the Hill. Your Tenable.cs Cloud Security trial also includes Tenable.io Vulnerability Management, Tenable Lumin and Tenable.io Web Application Scanning. 24x365 Access to phone, email, community, and chat support. Your Tenable Web Application Scanning trial also includes Tenable.io Vulnerability Management, Tenable Lumin and Tenable.cs Cloud Security. sites that are more appropriate for your purpose. USN-4263-1: Sudo vulnerability. Happy New Year! No Fear Act Policy It is designed to give selected, trusted users administrative control when needed. Stack layout. Privacy Program The buffer overflow vulnerability existed in the pwfeedback feature of sudo. In the current environment, a GDB extension called GEF is installed. Exposure management for the modern attack surface. Throwback. Ubuntu is an open source software operating system that runs from the desktop, to the cloud, to all your internet connected things. A representative will be in touch soon. It was revised Site Privacy User authentication is not required to exploit the flaw. searchsploit sudo buffer -w Task 4 - Manual Pages just man and grep the keywords, man Task 5 - Final Thoughts overall, nice intro room writeups, tryhackme osint This post is licensed under CC BY 4.0 by the author. We can use this core file to analyze the crash. There was a Local Privilege Escalation vulnerability found in theDebianversion of Apache Tomcat, back in 2016. This room is interesting in that it is trying to pursue a tough goal; teaching the importance of research. Solaris are also vulnerable to CVE-2021-3156, and that others may also. Being able to search for different things and be flexible is an incredibly useful attribute. # their password. A serious heap-based buffer overflow has been discovered in sudo ), $rsi : 0x00007fffffffe3a0 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA, $rdi : 0x00007fffffffde1b AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA, $rip : 0x00005555555551ad ret, $r12 : 0x0000555555555060 <_start+0> endbr64, $r13 : 0x00007fffffffdf10 0x0000000000000002, $eflags: [zero carry parity adjust sign trap INTERRUPT direction overflow RESUME virtualx86 identification], $cs: 0x0033 $ss: 0x002b $ds: 0x0000 $es: 0x0000 $fs: 0x0000 $gs: 0x0000, stack , 0x00007fffffffde08+0x0000: AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA $rsp, 0x00007fffffffde10+0x0008: AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA, 0x00007fffffffde18+0x0010: AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA, 0x00007fffffffde20+0x0018: AAAAAAAAAAAA, 0x00007fffffffde28+0x0020: 0x00007f0041414141 (AAAA? GNU Debugger (GDB) is the most commonly used debugger in the Linux environment. They are both written by c language. XSS Vulnerabilities Exploitation Case Study. developed for use by penetration testers and vulnerability researchers. Sometimes I will also review a topic that isnt covered in the TryHackMe room because I feel it may be a useful supplement. Are we missing a CPE here? the sudoers file. Ans: CVE-2019-18634 [Task 4] Manual Pages. A new vulnerability was discovered in the sudo utility which allows an unprivileged user to gain root privileges without authentication.CVE-2019-18634 is classified as Stack-based Buffer Overflow()..

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