Water needs vary due to your weight, environmental conditions, and your level of physical activity during the day. Not all of that fluid has to be water intake. Chem. The hydrate's molecular weight is 381.365 g/mol The total amount of water in the molecular weight is 180.148 g. 180.148 / 381.365 = 0.47238 (decimal amount of the hydrate that is water) (5.00 g) (0.47238) = 2.3619 g (this is the water lost) 5.00 g 2.3619 g = 2.6381 g of the anhydrous Na 2 B 4 O 7 remaining Round off to three sig figs: 2.64 g Hydration Calculator Hydration Calculator Follow 3 easy steps to see whether you are drinking enough water. 21, 89. Divide the mass of water lost when you heated the salt by the molar mass of water, roughly 18 grams per mole. You will determine the mass of the water driven off by heating, as well as the amount of anhydrous salt that remains behind. Days to DRIP Deposit target. decPartLen = 0; // If no decimal, then all decimal places will be padded with 0s obj.onmouseout = trOut; // Pad the string with 0s c) To convert grams to moles. At pressures and temperatures to the right of every line, the system will be hydrate-free. new Array(72,0,2400), new Array(72,20,2880), new Array(72,40,3240), new Array(72,60,3600), 2[5] (for LHC-LW water dewpoints). 1985. Time to MAX Account. For the hydrate equilibrium temperature (, Calculate hydrate formation conditions using the gas gravity chart (. 22.4 cm3 of the acid was required. new Array(83,0,2790), new Array(83,20,3270), new Array(83,40,3630), new Array(83,60,3990), around 21%. The distribution constant of MeOH in the gas is calculated by Eq. } Dividing the mass of the water lost by the original mass of hydrate used is equal to the fraction of water in the compound. new Array(33,0,1140), new Array(33,20,1410), new Array(33,40,1590), new Array(33,60,1830), new Array(76,0,2550), new Array(76,20,3030), new Array(76,40,3390), new Array(76,60,3750), For example, if you getample fruits and veggies each day (both of which are packed with hydrating fluid), you wont need to gulp down as much water. Number of moles of hydrogen = 6.65 moles. 3 How do you calculate the percentage of water in milk? var theOb = Get( oName, oFrame.frames[x], oFrame.frames[x].document ); if( theOb ) { return theOb; } } new Array(44,0,1500), new Array(44,20,1850), new Array(44,40,2210), new Array(44,60,2520), Lab - Formula of a Hydrate - Help with calculations Magnesium sulfate ( MgSO 4) is a molecule that loves to hold on to water (hydrophilic). 1996-2023 Everyday Health, Inc., a Ziff Davis company. 18. } else { S. 2. State-of-the-art programs are transitioning to the flash/Gibbs free-energy type. This example illustrates the fact that a significant amount of MeOH partitions into the vapor and liquid hydrocarbon phases. 21 ff ) contains a more accurate computer calculation method and discussion. As theMayo Clinicstates, hyponatremia may be life-threatening. 186 (12): 185-206. Compared with people born female, those born male generally need more fluid to support their increased body mass, lower average body fat, and increased calorie burn each day. } sel - cell selected style. Step 6Calculate the amount of MeOH lost to the condensate. Please enter the latest data. Such a calculation requires a second multiphase fluid flow simulator. Based in San Diego, John Brennan has been writing about science and the environment since 2006. 1) to calculate the amount of water in the vapor/MMscf. err = 0; "Day 0 DRIP" would be your total deposit, assuming you are hydrating once per day according to your hydrating schedule. Calculate molar mass percent . The hydrate temperature of the gas is 17 o C. The gas arrives onshore at 5 o C and 6500 kPa. Find out if your water intake is adequate by using this simple tool. /* xTableCursor - mouseover highlight on rows and cells. Start by determining the mass of water that evaporated. How do you find molecular formula of a compound? Similarly, when someone is pregnant, they require additional fluids to maintain amniotic fluid levels and keep the baby growing steadily, asPennStatediscusses. Subtract the mass of the anhydrous salt from that of the hydrated salt. new Array(71,0,2380), new Array(71,20,2860), new Array(71,40,3220), new Array(71,60,3580), In order to provide the best possible strategy in dealing with hydrate formation, it is important to have a comprehensive understanding of the underlying conditions that lead to initial hydrate formation. } Brown, G.G. (i guess i need to call Instacart for that water case delivery! The amount of injected MeOH or MEG needed to inhibit hydrate formation is the total of the amounts that reside in three phases: The inhibitor in the hydrocarbon vapor and liquid hydrocarbon phases has no effecthydrate inhibition occurs only in the aqueous phasebut this inefficiency is unavoidable. Interestingly, Browns charts also could be used with Fig. Join over 175,000 ShapeFit subscribers who are receiving our free weekly fitness newsletter and learn how you can build more muscle, burn off body fat and get into the best shape of your life! "Debug", Finally dividing 36 grams by 172 grams gives you the percentage by mass of water, i.e. At 700 psia and 60F, gases with gravity below 0.69 are not expected to form hydrates. var ml = (data[i][j+1]); Hydrate formation data at 277 K were averaged for 20 natural gases, Although it is not presented in this page, the Katz, A more compact, accessible method for hydrate formation from water and gas mixtures is the gas gravity method. { Mass of water = 18.02 x 5 = 90.1g. Your liquid calory intake is 7) Determine smallest whole-number ratio between sodium carbonate and water: Calculate empirical formula when given mass data, Calculate empirical formula when given percent composition data, Determine identity of an element from a binary formula and a percent composition, Determine identity of an element from a binary formula and mass data. new Array(47,0,1590), new Array(47,20,2070), new Array(47,40,2310), new Array(47,60,2700), What are the name and the formula of the hydrate? } inh - inherit style. Chances are that you arent drinking enough water. if (window.top.debugWindow && ! if (totalPad > 0) { Terms and Conditions | Privacy Policy | Copyright 2022 ShapeFit, LLC. Sign up to the Newsletter and stay hydrated with latest updates from new Array(28,0,945), new Array(28,20,1185), new Array(28,40,1365), new Array(27,60,1560), Continuing the example, we would divide 9 grams by 25 grams to get 36 percent. This is how many grams of anhydrous sodium carbonate dissolved. (For more details about the hydrate EOS, however, see Chap. window.top.debugWindow.closed) { new Array(59,0,1995), new Array(59,20,2475), new Array(59,40,2835), new Array(59,60,3195), In our example, 0.5 moles of water 0.1 moles copper sulfate = 5:1 ratio. Body weight is just as crucial a consideration, with many scientific studies suggesting that human beings need to consume about half their body weight in ounces of water to maintain proper hydration, possibly even losing weight as a result (excessive consumption of water, of which half of ones body weight can appear excessive, which has a tendency to create a feeling of fullness, reducing food consumption). Is Your Symptom a Sign of Dehydration or Something Else? "); // Locate the decimal point Use This Chart for Water Content of Natural Gases. While commercial software programs are available to examine phase equilibria, it is useful to understand the basics as a means to evaluate the computer results. // remark if passed from caller If you've already conducted this experiment and know the mass of both the hydrated and anhydrous salts, the calculations are simple. new Array(91,0,3045), new Array(91,20,3525), new Array(91,40,3885), new Array(91,60,4245), 3.52 g 1 moleBaCl2 208.2 g = 0.017 moles The mole ratio between the water and the anhydrous salt is moles of water moles of anhydrate = 0.034 0.017 = 2 This means that for every mole of BaCl2, you have 2 moles of water. 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. Once we do that, we will then divide the total mass of water by the mass of the hydrate. Projected available flows calculated at 20 psi residual, or the static pressure for low pressure hydrants having static pressures of less than 40 psi. 6 How to determine the percent water in an unknown hydrate? If you heat a hydrated salt, you can cause the water it contains to evaporate; the resulting crystal is called anhydrous, meaning without water. Sloan[11] (pp. Katz, D.L. var precision = 3; //default value if not passed from caller, change if desired obj.onmouseover = trOver; Two rapid expansion curves for the same 0.6-gravity gas are shown in Fig. Get('oz').innerHTML = ""+perRound((33.814022701843/1000) * (ml * env))+""; // us oz Water is the only naturally occurring zero-calorie drink. Physical exertion, hot/humid weather, central heating and high altitude can all increase water loss. Sloan, E.D. A clear, prescriptive method for constructing the hydrate flash program has recently been published. new Array(34,0,1170), new Array(34,20,1440), new Array(34,40,1650), new Array(34,60,1885), The following three examples of chart use are from Katzs[9] original work. Find out if your water intake is adequate by using. The papers, while in their vial, start off blue but will turn pink once they're taken out if moisture is detected. Your liquid calory intake is Gypsum is a hydrate with two water molecules present for every formula unit of CaSO 4. Fig. var theOb = Get( oName, null, oDoc.layers[x].document ); if( theOb ) { return theOb; } } These are real scientific discoveries about the nature of the human body, which can be invaluable to physicians taking care of patients. Get(fieldName).select(); document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Hi Ms. Fann, Thanks for sharing this feedback! field.value='' The associated condensate production is . Can I Get a Flat Stomach After a Hysterectomy? Calculate the formula mass. All Rights Reserved | About Us | Contact Us. How do you calculate hydration number? But how many? err = 1; If your urine is white or slightly yellow, its an indication that you are properly hydrated. Gas Hydrate Formation in Natural Gas Pipelines. If you eat a lot of these foods each day, you wont need to drink quite as much. } Our goal is to make science relevant and fun for everyone. Expert Answer. Climate .. Pregnancy .. BreastFeeding .. * Please fill out the information below. 4. 3. 1) Sodium carbonate dissolves in water as follows: 2) The addition of HCl will drive all of the CO32 ion to form CO2 gas. new Array(100,0,3345), new Array(100,20,3825), new Array(100,40,4185), new Array(100,60,4545), new Array(29,0,990), new Array(29,20,1230), new Array(29,40,1410), new Array(29,60,1620), At 1,000 psia, the hydrate formation temperature is 61F at a gas gravity of 0.603. } function Get( oName, oFrame, oDoc ) { Most people can understand the foolishness in trying to consume all the water you need in a day all at once. The calculator will work out your hydration level based on the information you give about yourself and your daily drinking habits. OBJECTIVES-. Now, staying hydrated is easier than ever before, and your first step towards optimal health and wellness at any age! obj.onmouseout = tdOut; The chemical formula for the plaster of Paris is (CaSO4) H2O and is better known as calcium sulfate hemihydrate. 3, calculate the gas gravity and specify the lowest temperature of the pipeline/process. Handbook of Natural Gas Engineering. How far can a 0.6-gravity gas at 13.6 MPa (2,000 psia) and 333 K (140F) be expanded without hydrate formation? new Array(101,0,3390), new Array(101,20,3870), new Array(101,40,4230), new Array(101,60,4590), window.alert("Weight must be at least 27 kilograms (60 pounds) and no more than 112 kilograms (247 pounds)! Calculating the amount of water you need to drink daily is more complicated than you may think. Answer: First, let us find the amount of acid consumed by Ba(OH)2. 3. } The calculator will work out your hydration level based on the information you give about yourself and your daily drinking habits. Light Hydrocarbon Vapour-Liquid Distribution Coefficient. In our example, we lost 9 grams of water; if we divide 9 by 18, we get 0.5 moles of water lost. All rights reserved | Multiplying this fraction by 100 gives the percent water. // clears field of default value Use this hydration calculator to easily calculate your recommended daily water intake you need to keep yourself healthy and at peak physical and mental performance. Calculate the wt% MeOH needed in the free-water phase. new Array(92,0,3090), new Array(92,20,3570), new Array(92,40,3930), new Array(92,60,4290), new Array(58,0,1950), new Array(58,20,2430), new Array(58,40,2790), new Array(58,60,3150), 4, one can calculate the total amount of hydrate inhibitor needed, as shown below in Example 2. The hydrated form of cobalt (II) chloride contains six water molecules in each formula unit. return; Determine the formula of a hydrate Problem #1: A 15.67 g sample of a hydrate of magnesium carbonate was heated, without decomposing the carbonate, to drive off the water. ShapeFit has thousands of pages of fitness content with fun and interactive tools to help our visitors lose body fat, build lean muscle and increase their energy levels. When finding the mass of this chemical, you find the mass of the calcium sulfate and then add 3 times the mass of water to it. Intersections of the gas expansion curves with the hydrate formation line limits the expansion discharge pressures from two different high initial P/T conditions, labeled Gas A and Gas B. if (env == "") { } window.top.debugWindow.document.write(text+"\n"); 1939. Multiply the molar mass of each element in your compound by the number of times it appears in your compound to get the molar mass of the compound. Here is a video discussing how to find the empirical formula of copper sulfate. Can you use an alarm system without monitoring? 5, 6, and 7, respectively. Five water molecules are attached to every sodium thiosulfate molecule. 11.9 to be 38F (497.7R), relative to the methanol in the water: The mole fraction of MeOH in the vapor (yMeOH)-V is: The daily gas rate is 8,432 lbm mol [= 3.2 106 scf/(379.5 scf/lbm mol), where an scf is at 14.7 psia and 60F], so that the MeOH lost to the gas is 4.29 lbm mol (= 0.000509 8,432) or 137.3 lbm/D. Human bodies have a great dependence on water, not only to fight against dehydration and quench thirst but to improve health which aids the various body organs in executing their functions without hindrance. Brennan holds a Bachelor of Science in biology from the University of California, San Diego. valStrg += decPlaces > 0 ? 2. The Latest Innovations That Are Driving The Vehicle Industry Forward. d) the terms anhydrous, hydrated and water of crystallisation and calculation of the formula of a hydrated salt from given percentage composition, mass composition or based on experimental results; GCSE. Policies. for( var x = 0; x < oDoc.forms.length; x++ ) { if( oDoc.forms[x][oName] ) { return oDoc.forms[x][oName]; } } This means that for every unit of CuSO4 present, we have 5 molecules of water. */ In well-testing, startup, and gas lift operations, hydrates can form with high pressure drops, even with a high initial temperature, if the pressure drop is very large. Not all hydrate conditions are calculable by hand. The highest gas gravity without hydrate formation, when the pressure is 4.76 MPa (700 psia) and the temperature is 289 K (60F). 4.3 Quantitative chemistry. 5 H. 2. How do you calculate hydrates? new Array(102,0,3420), new Array(102,20,3900), new Array(102,40,4260), new Array(102,60,4620), "Hydrate Days" is the number of days you will be hydrating daily each week. How can we find out? O is used in photography to fix negatives during the development of photographs. b) Calculate the mass of produced H2O flowing into the line. It is important to remember that the human water requirement calculator doesnt specify the frequency of consumption, never intending for humans to meet their water consumption requirements all at once, within a set period of time. 7, 45. Use these strategies to increase your hydration and support your health. Prediction of Conditions for Hydrate Formation in Natural Gases. } This online calculator you can use for computing the average molecular weight (MW) of molecules by entering the chemical formulas (for example C3H4OH (COOH)3 ). National Library of Medicine. Just as knowing the V and LHC saturation conditions allows the engineer to avoid solid hydrate formation, determining the I-H region (below 273 K) lets the engineer avoid ice or hydrate formation, both of which cause flow problems. In other words, even in the exact same conditions, two people of the same gender, weight, and with similar diets will sweat differently and thus need different amounts of fluid. new Array(94,0,3150), new Array(94,20,3630), new Array(94,40,3990), new Array(94,60,4350), The basis for both program types is a hydrate equation of state (EOS). How to calculate percent error of your measurement? There are several ways to do hand calculations for three-phase LW-H-V conditions: The gas gravity method is the simplest method for quantifying the hydrate formation temperature and pressure. The pipeline produces condensate at a rate of 25 B/D, with an average density of 300 lbm/bbl and an average molecular weight of 90 lbm/lbm mol. Fig. The gas also experiences a pressure drop to 950 psia. window.top.debugWindow.document.write( [1] The hydrate flash program usually is so complex as to require two or more man-years of single-minded effort to construct a robust version of the program. Calculator Home How much Water (Calculator) Gender .. new Array(93,0,3120), new Array(93,20,3600), new Array(93,40,3960), new Array(93,60,4320), How do empirical formulas and molecular formulas differ? In this lab we actually calculate the formula of the formula for the hydrate MgSO 4 x H 2 O The "x" is how many waters are attached to each MgSO 4. Mass of crucible + anhydrous salt a. after first heating b. after second heating 41.640 41642 5. Recall the Hammerschmidt[10] equation (Eq. Weight .. With that inhibitor concentration as a basis, the amount of inhibitor in the vapor or liquid hydrocarbon phases is estimated by: With Eq. Hydration Calculator How Much Water Do You Need To Drink? for( var x = 0; x < oDoc.anchors.length; x++ ) { if( oDoc.anchors[x].name == oName ) { return oDoc.anchors[x]; } } According to Fig. If you're nursing a growing baby, youll need to drink more fluids so that your body can make enough milk, according to theAcademy of Nutrition and Dietetics. for (var cntrVal = 1; cntrVal <= totalPad; cntrVal++) new Array(109,0,3645), new Array(109,20,4125), new Array(109,40,4485), new Array(109,60,4845), } alert(fieldPrompt + " Must be a valid number"); Heres how to tell them apart and when to seek an expert opinion Keep your body working as it should by drinking enough water. 9. new Array(106,0,3560), new Array(106,20,4040), new Array(106,40,4400), new Array(106,60,4760), OTC-13037-MS. McKetta, J.J. and Wehe, A.H. 1958. valStrg += "0"; Step 7Sum the total amount of MeOH/MMscf. min = document.hydrate.min.value ; If a gas expands rapidly through a valve or restriction, the fluids will cool much faster than with heat transfer, possibly causing the system to enter the hydrate formation regime at the valve/restriction discharge. new Array(73,0,2445), new Array(73,20,2925), new Array(73,40,3285), new Array(73,60,3645), 4s hydrate formation line and cooling lines labeled Gas A and Gas B, respectively. We can't see molecules! 2023 Mindful by Sodexo. Thermodynamic analysis of the mutual solubilities of hydrocarbons and water. 2: Using this gas gravity number to read Fig. 4 Intersection of free expansion curves with hydrate-formation region for 0.6-gravity gases (from Katz[9]). SPE disclaims any and all liability for your use of such content. Therefore, the formula for the hydrate of barium chloride is #BaCl_2*2H_2O#. Most professionals will advise eight (8 ounce) glasses of water each day. To use the chart shown in Fig. To calculate the percent of water you will divide the change in mass of your sample (mass of water removed) by the mass of the hydrated salt (original mass). Hydrate > anhydrous salt + water The symbol represents heat. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT-. Some ionic compounds are coordinated to a specific number of water molecules in solution. For example, how to calculate the percentage error: Suppose you did an experiment to measure the boiling point of water and your results average to 101.5C. DRIP Account Overview DRIP Deposit on day. In this part of the lab you will repeat the same procedure performed for the salt of known formula with a salt for which you do not know the hydrate formula. Calories Per Day Calculator How Many Calories Do You Need? The gas gravity method is the simplest method for quantifying the hydrate formation temperature and pressure. Because the calculation basis is 1 MMscf/D, the amount of MeOH lost is 42.9 lbm/MMscf (= 137.3 lbm/3.2 MMscf). A pipeline with the gas composition below has inlet pipeline conditions of 195F and 1,050 psia. new Array(77,0,2595), new Array(77,20,3075), new Array(77,40,3435), new Array(77,60,3795), } According to your data you should be drinking. -calculate the mass of the water that has been removed; Jr. 1998. Produced free water enters the pipeline at a rate of 0.25 B/D. Fig. Contact. Sometimes a color change occurs when a colored hydrate is heated. In the absence of a water analysis, use the water content chart (Fig. else { return zerosPad(result3, precision); Formula of a Hydrate (Anhydrous SolidxH2O) In order to determine the formula of the hydrate, [Anhydrous SolidxH2O], the number of moles of water per mole of anhydrous solid (x) will be calculated by dividing the number of moles of water by the number of moles of the anhydrous solid (Equation 2.12. This is the percentage of water in the hydrate, so it's the first thing you might need to calculate; however, we can calculate some other information as well. Soup is another food that is fluid-rich and can help you meet your target water intake. new Array(112,0,3750), new Array(112,20,4230), new Array(112,40,4590), new Array(112,60,4950)); new Array(55,0,1845), new Array(55,20,2325), new Array(55,40,2685), new Array(55,60,3045), Number of moles of carbon = 40 12. //Iterate thru table rows Determine the formula of the hydrate Samples 1, 3, and 5 are hydrates of magnesium sulfate, MgSO 4. xH 2 O Samples 2 and 4 are hydrates of zinc sulfate, ZnSO 4. xH 2 O To determine the formula, you must determine the following To determine the number of moles of anhydrous salt and of H 2 O: Back to the Chemical Principles Lab Schedule . This means that for every mole of #BaCl_2#, you have 2 moles of water. This is the error. +"status=yes,resizable=yes"); Dumbbell Squats Quadriceps Exercise Guide with Photos, Bodyweight Cardio Exercises Instructional Guides with Photos, High Knees Bodyweight Cardio Exercise Guide with Photos, Rowing CrossFit Exercise Guide with Photos and Instructions, Diet During Pregnancy: Healthiest Foods To Eat While Pregnant, Free Food Days Cheat on Your Diet and Still Lose Weight, Biggest Nutritional Misconception How To Eat Delicious Foods, Best Foods for Runners Healthy Meals for a Runners Diet, Weight Loss Stories Mark Lost 125 Pounds and 10 Inches, Weight Loss Stories Kelsey Lost 135 Pounds and 12 Sizes, Weight Loss Stories Glenn Lost 103 Pounds and 12 Inches, Weight Loss Stories JaLisa Lost 75 Pounds in 14 Months, Megan Johnson McCullough Fitness Model Interview and Photos, Vivian Hatzimanolis Fitness Model Interview and Photos, Wendy Spencer Fitness Model Interview and Photos, Laura London Fitness Model Interview and Photos. new Array(82,0,2745), new Array(82,20,3225), new Array(82,40,3585), new Array(82,60,3945), This section offers some hand-calculation techniques for this type of evaluation. (1 Cu) (63.55 g/mol) + (1 S) (32.07 g/mol) + (4 O) (16.00 g/mol) = 159.62 g/mol Formula mass = 159.62 g/mol + (5 H 2 0) ( 18.02 g H 2 0/mol) = 249.72 g/mol 2. function loopTable(tbl, fnCallback, data) If you are asking yourself how much water should you drink per day our water calculator will calculate that for you in cups (glasses), ounces (oz), and milliliters. 5. new Array(57,0,1925), new Array(57,20,2400), new Array(57,40,2760), new Array(57,60,3120), For this reason and because of readily available commercial programs, engineers usually elect to use those rather than construct another program. You can celebrate on when you MAX out your account in . As theMayo Clinicpoints out, the foods you eat will also affect your hydration and the amount of fluid youll need to drink. CONGRATULATIONS! For the two-phase regions of hydrate equilibria (i.e., V-H, LHC-H, and I-H), the key question is that of water content: how much water can a vapor or liquid hydrocarbon phase hold before hydrates will precipitate? Calculate the free (produced and condensed) H. Calculate the methanol needed in the aqueous phase. Calculate mass of water in hydrate sample. "
\n");
new Array(98,0,3280), new Array(98,20,3760), new Array(98,40,4120), new Array(98,60,4480),
var regTest=/(^\d+$)|(^\d+\.\d+$)/
Experiment 4: Formula Mass of a Hydrated Salt.
Some popular eating plans, like the ketogenic diet and intermittent fasting, may indirectly increase the risk for dehydration. var r, c;
These programs are of two types: Of these two program types, the flash/Gibbs type is gaining pre-eminence because its predictions are available in the phase diagram interior (where many systems operate), whereas the incipient type provides the pressure/temperature (P/T) points of hydrate initiation.
More information. We hope you'll check out our other challenges and tools if you haven't already! new Array(104,0,3495), new Array(104,20,3975), new Array(104,40,4335), new Array(104,60,4695),
Your email address will never be sold or shared with anyone. new Array(90,0,3000), new Array(90,20,3480), new Array(90,40,3840), new Array(90,60,4200),
What is the chemical formula of a diamond?
For example, your body uses water to maintain its temperature, remove waste and lubricate joints. new Array(36,0,1200), new Array(36,20,1470), new Array(36,40,1710), new Array(36,60,2040),
Rather, it is advisable that one spread his or her water consumption out over the length of the day. What molecular formula represents a carbohydrate? Methane hydrate (MH) is a solid compound in which a large amount of methane gas molecules (CH 4) are caged within a crystalline structure of water, as illustrated in Fig. 3 to determine the limits to wet gas expansion across an isentropic device such as a nozzle or turboexpander; however, that has not been done.
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